U.A. Bakshi’s material is tailored for undergraduate engineering students, providing a clear roadmap from basic fabrication to advanced specialized ICs.

Linear Integrated Circuits and Applications: A Comprehensive Guide to U.A. Bakshi’s Fundamentals

Unlike digital ICs that operate with discrete binary levels, linear ICs process continuous analog signals such as sound, light, or temperature. They are designed to operate over a continuous range of input signals, theoretically characterized by an infinite number of operating states.